ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science 06(158) 2026

Philadelphia, USA

Chikovani, M.I., Sophromadze, D., Gamkrelidze, E., Jikia, M., & Chiqvinidze, K.

Hydrochemical investigation of biologically active ions in the spring waters of lower Tkibuli, Tkibuli Municipality, Imereti region, Georgia.

Full Article: PDF

Scientific Object Identifier: http://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-06-158-32

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2026.06.158.32

Language: English

Citation: Chikovani, M.I., Sophromadze, D., Gamkrelidze, E., Jikia, M., & Chiqvinidze, K. (2026). Hydrochemical investigation of biologically active ions in the spring waters of lower Tkibuli, Tkibuli Municipality, Imereti region, Georgia. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 06 (158), 359-364. Soi: https://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-06-158-32 Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2026.06.158.32

Pages: 359-364

Published: 30.06.2026

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the hydrochemical composition of spring waters located in Lower Tkibuli, Tkibuli Municipality, Imereti Region, Georgia. The concentrations of biologically active and environmentally significant parameters, including pH, total hardness, Mg??, Ca??, HCO??, Br?, total arsenic, SO???, total iron, Cu??, Cl? ions, permanganate oxidizability, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD?), and free carbon dioxide (CO?), were determined using standardized hydrochemical and photometric analytical methods. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the above-mentioned parameters were determined for the first time in these spring waters using highly sensitive analytical techniques. All laboratory analyses were carried out at the Iason Moseshvili Hydrochemical Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Akaki Tsereteli State University. The obtained results provide valuable information regarding the hydrochemical characteristics and suitability of the investigated spring waters for drinking and domestic purposes.

Key words: spring water, hydrochemical analysis, biologically active ions, Tkibuli Municipality, groundwater quality, drinking water, environmental monitoring.